Working with this template and the information indicated on your source, you should be able to create an accurate Bibliography entry for almost any source you use. If a DOI is available, use it at the end of the citation. Scholarly journals accessed online are often assigned a DOI number. They are assembled in a specific order and followed by specific punctuation.Ī DOI (Digital Object Identifier) is an identifier assigned by the publisher that provides a persistent link to the online source. When citing the same work more than once, it is no longer. There are additional elements that may be required based on the source type. Note: Detailed Footnotes and Endnotes are needed only for sources cited for the first time. Gabriel Kolko, Anatomy of a War: Vietnam, the United States, and the Modern Historical Experience (New York: Pantheon Books, 1985), 23. Example of first endnote or footnote on Kolko: 1. (Your instructor will specify if they prefer footnotes or endnotes.) A version of CMOS known as Turabian may also be accepted for student papers. Please check with your instructor for their preference.ĬMOS also has specific rules related to capitalization, abbreviations, the appearance of dates, and punctuation in citations that are unique to this style and help distinguish it from others.ĭepending on the source type (book, journal article, etc.), your bibliography entry and footnote/endnote are composed of these major elements: Use the complete bibliographic citation the first time you refer to a source, but you may use a short form for subsequent references to the same source. This format requires either footnotes or endnotes and a bibliography at the end of the paper. There are two different systems of CMOS, "Notes and Bibliography" and "Author/Date." This guide will focus on the more popular Notes and Bibliography system. The Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) is published by the University of Chicago Press and is often used in business, history, fine arts, and the humanities. In-text citation: It follows the author-date-page parenthetical citation format. Reference formatting Journal staff strongly encourages authors to use EndNote in Microsoft Word to ensure that the format is correct.
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